Abstract The main environmental problems that confront our societies are both the environmental pollution and ecological crisis. They are the by-products of the human economic development. Man does not have the willingness to conserve earth environment by birth, but rather it has to be cultivated through education. Therefore environmental education is one of the major contents of modern education. Environmental education has been affiliated with related courses in many countries. It is natural that different disciplines have different purposes in environmental education. This project deals with the main purposes, proper teaching materials and methods for environmental education from social viewpoint. Some conclusions have been drawn as follows: 1. The main purposes of environmental education in social aspect should be of ethic, affection, knowledge, skill, and action. 2. The material for social environmental education should cover the cognition of mutual impacts between human behavior and natural environment, and the relationships of the human society to cultural environment. 21 items are recommended to be the social environmental education materials. 3. The most effective method for environmental education in elementary schools would be by meeans of activity units. In other words, environmental education should be conducted through a variety of learning activities. Therefore some different environmental education activities have been designed for different grades of students in elementary schools.
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