| 摘要: | 中文摘要
戲曲是人類古老的活動，原始社會便已產生了原始戲曲。所謂原始戲曲，即指戲曲在發展成型以前而含有戲劇成份的人類活動。中國和印度在地理上同屬於重視精神文明的東方亞洲，在歷史上又有使者造成宗教、文化交流，是以兩國戲曲在形式、內涵方面不但各具特色，並且部分的印度戲曲特質已成功的融入或轉化於中國戲曲之中。
本文的研究方法，係以戲曲的構成三要素－舞蹈、音樂、故事方面的起源發展著眼，首先搜集有關中國、印度兩國的考古美術、神話歷史以及古籍記載的傳說資料，就其先後順序做一個扼要敘述。復參以分析比較的方法，將其戲曲理論與民俗特色，分別由形式、內涵兩方面做同異的比較。最後，歸納出中國的倫理道德與印度的直觀冥想，是目前西方文藝思潮所欲追求的精神支柱。
本文之撰述，分列六章。第壹章前言，說明中印原始戲曲研究的迫切性，第貳章為原始戲曲內涵做一解釋，第參章闡述中國由上古至唐末五代的原始戲曲，第肆章闡述梵劇成型以前的印度原始戲曲，第伍章就兩國戲曲形式、內涵兩方面加以比較，第陸章結論捻出中國的倫理道德與印度的直觀冥想是西方文藝思潮所追尋的人類原始情操，以為結束。
Abstract
Drama is a kind of ancient human activities in the originalsociety. It is so called "The Original Drama", i. e. the primitive forms of dramas under developed. Geographically, China and India are stuated the same region in the Oriental Asia, and historically, they intercommunicated in religion and culture. In the field of dramas, they have different features in formand content, even though some Indian primitive elements in drama were melted into Chinese culture sucessfully.
According to the three elements of the stucture of drama-dance, music and story-this paper lays stress on the source and the development. First, to collect the concerned materials of the two countries, such as archaeological arts, myth histories and the traditional legends written in ancient books, then put them in series, and given a simple narration; next, to analyze and compare the data by means of forms and contents with the points of dramatic theories and worldly customs; at last, to induct the study and find out that the Chinese ethical morality and the Indian perceptive meditation are the two spiritual pillars to the western literary thoughts pursued at present.
This paper includes six chapters. 1, Foreword, to depict the need of this study; 2, Original dramas, to define the scope and the meaning; 3, Chinese original dramas, from old age to Tang and Five dynasties; 4, Indian Sanskrit dramas; 5, Comparisions between Chinese and Indian dramas, by forms and contents; 6, Conclusion, to summarize the study that both the Chinese ethical morality and the Indian perceptive meditation are the human original sentiments pursued in the present western thoughts of literature. |
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