中文摘要 自民國七十一年五月至民國七十五年十月間，為了師專生物課程內有關真菌單元，需要真菌標本作為活體教材，筆者在本校校區內陸續分離培養校區腐殖土內的真菌。分離出國小自然科學課程內「黴菌」單元所列典型的接合菌綱(Zygomycetes)代表－黑麵包黴(Rhizopus nigricans)一種，並分離出和它形態相似，在小學教材內也稱它做黑黴(Block Mold)，但是菌絲卻是有隔板(Septum)而另屬於不完全菌 (Imperfect Fungi)的黑麴菌 (Aspergillus niger)一種。 除了為國小自然科學課程及師專生物教材需要，研究土壤內的真菌外，更陸續採集校區內肉眼可見的真菌子實體，經調查鑑定研究的計有：黏菌(Myxomycetes)二種，包括「髮網菌」(Stemonitis sp.)及「團網菌」 (Arcyria sp.)；枯木上的木材腐朽菌 (Wood-decaying Fungi)一種：冷杉黏褶菌(Gloeophyllum abietinum)；草地上「蕈菌」(Gilled Fleshy Fungi)二種，包括「小乾墨菌」 (Coprinus plicatilus)及「柔弱錐蓋傘」(Conocybe tenera)和草地上「馬勃菌」(Puffball)一種：棗紅馬勃 (Lycoperdon spadiceum)。 其中小乾墨菌據文獻上記載，其棲習環境為本省中南部，林地、農地或堆肥區域；墾丁國家公園亦曾發現。然而小乾墨菌在本校校園之發現乃北部之首次記錄。又棗紅馬勃在亞洲地區，曾發現於中國大陸、香港、日本等地，但本省未曾有學者報導過，本文對該棗紅馬勃之研究應屬本省一新記錄種之研究。 Abstract In recent four years, there were more than ten kinds of fungi have been investigated on our campus. Several species of soil-borne fungi were isolated from the humus on the campus. Besides, there are two species of Myxomycetes found from the discarded straw mat (i. e. Japanese tatami) and they were identified as: Stemonitis sp. and Arcyria sp.; one kind of wood-decaying fungi was identified as: Gloeophyllum abietinum; two species of gilled fleshy fungi and one species of non-gilled fleshy fungi were found and they were identified respectively as: Coprinus plicatilus, Conocybe tenera and Lycoperdon spadiceum. The most important thing is that there was no any report about the non-gilled fleshy fungus (puffball) found on the campus located in Taipei city center. Furthermore, there is no any other report about Lycoperdon spadiceum in Taiwan. Therefore, the morphological characteristics and habitat of this newly recorded species of our country will be shown and described in detail.
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