Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the perceived parental attitudes toward child-rearing practices and the learning behavior of elementary school children. Two kinds of questionnaires are developed. One is "Parental Attitudes Toward Child-Rearing", the other is "Students' Learning Behavior Description Questionnaire". The major findings of this study are as follows: 1. The parents of gifted children have more consideration on children than the average students. 2. Parental consideration behavior has positive correction with children learning behavior and parental authority behavior has negative correction with children learning behavior. 3. The gifted students whose learning behavior are different from the average students'. 4. Most of students' learning disturb is emotional: the gifted think their problems are to many assignments; the average's disturb are their poor learning method.