DSpace collection: 期刊論文

百十公尺跨欄技術分析

title: 百十公尺跨欄技術分析

橄欖球選手短期停止訓練前後之飲食分析

title: 橄欖球選手短期停止訓練前後之飲食分析 abstract: 目的：探討甲組橄欖球員經26天短期停止訓練前後之飲食攝取變化。方法：本研究招募甲組男子橄欖球選手共25位（前鋒12位，平均20.5±0.3歲；後衛13位，平均19.8±0.5歲，於26天短期停止訓練前後進行、3日24小時回憶飲食記錄、進餐規律性、飲食頻率及高脂飲食調查。結果：結果顯示：一、熱量與三大營養素攝取不足；二、高糖飲料攝取過高（3-4次/天），水果攝取過少（2-6次/週）。三、後衛停止訓練後之熱量、碳水化合物與蛋白質攝取顯著低於前鋒。四、後衛之熱量、蛋白質、膽固醇、維生素B1以及B2攝取量顯著減少。五、訓練期吃早餐之比率只有47-67%，午餐比例約70%，停止訓練期間吃早餐的比率降至33-51%，午餐比率也降至約60%。結論：進食不規律影響整體熱量與營養素攝取不足，停止訓練前需加強高醣低脂飲食、增加水果攝取之營養教育，於停止訓練期間尤須注意作息與進食規律之正常並減少高糖飲料飲用之頻率，以減低胰島素敏感度變差之可能性。

不同身體質量指數女性運動選手胰島素阻抗性差異

title: 不同身體質量指數女性運動選手胰島素阻抗性差異 abstract: 醣類為運動的重要能源，而肥胖和胰島素阻抗性均影響身體對於醣類的吸收能力。大部分女性運動選手皆具正常血糖濃度，其不同身體質量指數是否可評估胰島素阻抗性的差異，目前仍未清楚。目的：為了解不同身體質量指數女性運動選手的胰島素阻抗性差異。方法：空腹血糖濃度達正常值範圍內，總計23項219名運動專長選手。所有受試者再依身體質量指數（BMI=體重公斤／身高公尺^2）分成三組：體重正常組(BMI<24, n=179)、體重過重組(BMI 24-27, n=18)和肥胖組(BMI>27, n=22)。結果：一、肥胖的女性運動選手空腹胰島素濃度顯著高於體重正常組(BMI<24:8.1±0.4; BMI>27: 15.9±2.1, p<.05)；二、體重正常組的胰島素阻抗性(HOMA-IR)為1.79±0.10、體重過重組為2.56±0.61及肥胖組為3.46±0.47，肥胖組顯著高於體重正常組(p<.05)；三、空腹胰島素濃度和HOMA-IR皆與BMI呈現顯著相關(r=0.381 & 0.338, p<.05)。結論：正常空腹血糖的女性運動選手，體重過重與肥胖仍可造成胰島素阻抗性增高，應維持身體活動避免代謝適能的衰退。另外，因運動選手的空腹血糖值不易受訓練週期而改變，空腹胰島素濃度和HOMA-IR可有效作為運動提升代謝適能的指標。

Glucose Uptake Patterns in Exercised Skeletal Muscles for Elite Male Long-Distance and Short-Distance Runners

title: Glucose Uptake Patterns in Exercised Skeletal Muscles for Elite Male Long-Distance and Short-Distance Runners abstract: The aim of this study was to determine glucose uptake patterns in exercised skeletal muscles of elite male long-distance and short-distance runners. Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) was performed to determine the patterns of glucose uptake in lower limbs of short-distance (SD group, n=8) and long-distance (LD group, n=8) male runners after a modified 20 min Bruce treadmill test. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to delineate the muscle groups in lower limbs. Muscle groups from hip, knee, and ankle movers were measured. The total FDG uptake and the standard uptake value (SUV) for each muscle group were compared between the 2 groups. For the SD and LD runners, the 2 major muscle groups utilizing glucose during running were knee extensors and ankle plantarflexors, which accounted for 49.3 +/- 8.1% (25.1 +/- 4.7% and 24.2 +/- 6.0%) of overall lower extremity glucose uptake for SD group, and 51.3 +/- 8.0% (27.2 +/- 2.7% and 24.0 +/- 8.1%) for LD group. No difference in muscle glucose uptake was noted for other muscle groups. For SD runners, the SUVs for the muscle groups varied from 0.49 +/- 0.27 for the ankle plantarflexors, to 0.20 +/- 0.08 for the hip flexor. For the LD runners, the highest and lowest SUVs were 0.43 +/- 0.15 for the ankle dorsiflexors and 0.21 +/- 0.19 for the hip. For SD and LD groups, no difference in muscle SUV was noted for the muscle groups. However, the SUV ratio between the ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors in the LD group was significantly greater than that in the SD group. We thus conclude that the major propelling muscle groups account for approximately 50% of lower limb glucose utilization during running. Thus, the other muscle groups involving maintenance of balance, limb deceleration, and shock absorption utilize an equal amount. This result provides a new insight into glucose distribution in skeletal muscle, suggesting that propellers and supporters are both energetically important during running. Furthermore, for each unit muscle volume, movers of ankle are more glucose-demanding than those of hip.